NMAP

Fast mode
namp -F x.x.x.x

regular mode, multiple targets, up arrow key to see status 
namp x.x.x.x y.y.y.y
nmap 192.168.1.1-30

import target file
nmap -iL target.txt

scan ports
nmap -p 22,80,443 x.x.x.x

-A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute

-sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info

-O: Enable OS detection

nmap --traceroute

save to file
nmap -F -oN result.txt x.x.x.x

verbosity

nmap -F -v  x.x.x.x